The most comprehensive medical textile knowledge summary

What are medical textiles?
 

Medical textiles are a new field formed by the combination of textile technology and medical science. It is one of the most innovative and high-tech varieties of textiles. With the development of new fibers and the research and development of new manufacturing processes for yarns and fabrics, medical textiles are also moving towards new application areas.

 

What is the scope of medical textiles?

 

The existing medical textiles in the international market include: absorbent pads, wound contact cloth (for dressing) basic materials, simple bandages and elastic bandages, high support bandages, compression bandages, orthopedic bandages, adhesive plasters, gauze bandages, cotton flannel ( Special wrapping materials), medical bedding and skeleton materials (scaffold, refers to the basic materials for processing other medical textiles), etc. In addition to the traditional bulk raw materials such as cotton, the raw materials for the production of the above-mentioned medical textiles have been expanded to natural fiber raw materials such as alginic acid fiber, silk, chitin fiber (chitosan fiber), wood pulp fiber (lyocell), cotton lint, etc. Ethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fiber, polypropylene, polyester, glass fiber, viscose fiber, polyglycolic acid fiber, polyurethane, polylactic acid fiber and other elastic and non-elastic chemical fiber raw materials.

What types of medical textiles are there?

 

According to the morphological classification: There are three types: linear, planar and body:

 

There are suture thread, tie thread, fixed thread and optical fiber device in linear form;

 

There are various types of care products, health care fabrics, gauze, bandages and other medical supplies, artificial skin, organ repair materials and other artificial prostheses;

 

There are artificial bones, artificial blood vessels, artificial tendons and other artificial prostheses and artificial kidneys and other hollow fiber devices;

 

If divided according to the application of the product, it can usually be divided into the following categories:

 

(1) General hospital supplies

 

Such as work clothes, hospital gowns, bed sheets, cover sheets, mattresses, bedding, blankets, towels, masks, footwear, pillowcases, curtains, table cloths, wipe cloths, etc.

 

(2) External medical supplies

 

Such as medical tape, cotton swabs, cotton balls, gauze, bandages, band-aids, absorbent cotton, dressing cloth, tape base cloth, wound dressing, plaster cloth, hemostatic fiber, etc.

 

(3) Medical protective equipment

 

Such as surgical gowns, surgical caps, masks, surgical covering cloths, surgical instrument covering cloths, inspectors' clothes and gloves, X-ray operation clothes and gloves, etc.

 

(4) Medical functional products

 

Such as surgical sutures, hemostatic fibers, artificial blood vessels, artificial skin, artificial hair, artificial respirators, artificial kidneys, artificial lungs, artificial livers, artificial bones and artificial joints, artificial tendons, artificial heart valves and repair fabrics, hernia repair fabrics , Plasma separator, fiber-reinforced artificial bone plate, surgical reinforced mesh and joint materials, surgical plastic and repair materials, etc.

 

(5) Hygiene products

 

Such as sanitary napkins, sanitary napkins, tampons, children's diapers, adult incontinence pads, medical paper products, antibacterial socks, antibacterial insoles, deodorant socks, deodorant insoles, etc.

 

(6)Health products

 

Such as correction belts, restraint belts, corsets, corrective garments, elastic shoulder pads, wrist pads, knee pads, waist pads, etc.

 

(7) Textiles for medical devices and instruments

 

Such as wheelchairs, crutches, stretchers, carts and other medical equipment made of glass fiber, metal fiber, ceramic fiber, carbon fiber and other reinforced composite materials and elastic fibers; stethoscopes and X-ray diagnostic equipment composed of optical fibers and medical filter separation fibers , Blood separators, bacteria separators and other medical and health inspection facilities and instruments.

 

Regarding medical and sanitary textiles, medical and sanitary textiles can be divided into two categories:

medical and sanitary products:

 

(1) Medical textiles

 

Medical textiles are textile products based on fibers and fabrics featuring medical applications.

 

There are four main categories:

 

① Implantable products; such as sutures, artificial blood vessels and artificial joints, etc.;

 

②Non-implantable products; such as bandages, gauze, etc.;

 

③Functional products; such as artificial kidneys, artificial lungs and other artificial organs;

 

④Health care products: such as surgical gowns, surgical masks, isolation gowns, hospital bed supplies, hospital gowns, and protective clothing.

 

Implantable and functional products are the market for medical textiles, involving high-tech fields such as textiles, biomedicine, chemistry, electronics and electrical engineering, and are still monopolized by foreign brands, mainly Johnson & Johnson, DuPont, Kimberly-Clark, Polymet The group company and NIPRO Co., Ltd.; the main domestic production of non-implantable and health care products, so the discussion in this article only involves these two types of products. Requirements for medical textiles: it must be non-toxic, non-allergenic, non-carcinogenic, and can not afford chemical and synthetic fibers during disinfection, as well as degradable fibers and functional fibers.

 

(2) Sanitary textiles

 

Most of the sanitary textiles are cleaning, sanitation, and personal care products used in people's daily life, and some of them are sanitary products used in hospitals. There are mainly wet wipes, cleaning wipes, feminine hygiene, baby care, and adult incontinence.

 

Requirements for sanitary textiles: it must be clean, hygienic, non-irritating, and possess mechanical and physical properties for specific purposes. The most commonly used fibers for sanitary textiles: natural fibers such as cotton, silk and viscose, polyester, polypropylene and other chemical and synthetic fibers.

 

(3) Medical and health textile materials

 

Medical and health textiles mainly use ordinary textiles, non-woven fabrics, knitwear, woven fabrics and composite materials. With the improvement of application requirements and the advancement of technology, the range of nonwovens used in medical and sanitary products has increased rapidly in recent years, and there is a great trend to replace traditional textiles.

 

The non-woven material has the characteristics of softness, no dust and lint shedding, high filtration of bacteria and dust, low surgical infection rate, convenient disinfection and sterilization, and easy composite with other materials.

 

Studies at home and abroad have shown that the dust, shedding lint and shielding of the fabric used in the operating room are a major factor in wound infection after surgery. Due to the use of non-woven materials, the amount of dust suspended in the air in the operating room can be reduced by 43%. The number of bacterial penetration is 0, which reduces the wound infection rate and the incidence of sepsis by 3 times. Therefore, the wide application of non-woven medical materials has very high economic and social benefits.

 

The nonwoven materials used in medical and sanitary products mainly include chemical bonding, thermal bonding (hot rolling and hot air), spunlace, airlaid, spunbond, SMS, laminated nonwovens and flash evaporation. Of non-woven fabrics.

 

The evolution process of non-woven medical and health materials application: chemical bonding-thermal bonding (hot rolling and hot air)-spunbond-spunlace-SMS-flash evaporation-electrostatic spinning. Now the most widely used are spunlace and SMS composite nonwoven materials.

 

The main uses and technical parameters of the medical textile airflow resistance tester:

 

Medical textile airflow resistance tester is used to measure the air penetration resistance of textiles, cotton wool, space cotton, etc., to identify the comfort and hygiene of clothing, textiles, especially medical textiles.

 

Standards compliant:

 

GB19083-2010

 

Technical parameters:

 

1. Air flow adjustment range: 10L/min-100L/min (600L/h-6000L/h)

 

2. Measuring range of airflow resistance: 0-1kPa

 

3. Test time: 1 second to 99 hours optional

 

4. Power supply: AC220V, 50Hz

 

5. Power of the whole machine: 1.2KW

 

Main features:

 

1. The instrument consists of a gas source that can adjust the flow rate, a sample holding device, and a gas pressure measurement system;

 

2. Digital display of airflow resistance, with functions of zero point correction and accuracy correction;

 

3. Easy to operate.

 

 

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