Fiber Microtome ASTM D2130 & BS 2043

Introduction

Precision Fiber Microtome is used to make accurate cross-sectional specimens of fiber for further examination under a microscope.

A bunch of defatted fiber is inserted into the slot on the top of the Microtome. An embedding medium is applied to the bundle and allowed to dry. The fiber bunch is placed on the ejector and the micrometer wheel is used to determine the required parameters of the precision cut.

Operation

● Turn the micrometer wheel to the end.

● Screw off the two screws on the cover, remove the cover.

● Insert the fiber into the slot of the cover showing a small cut out.

● Tighten the screws up, push the pushing plate to the side of the slot to compress the fiber, lock the nut on the plate.

● Turn the micrometer wheel until showing the required parameters.

● Take drops of collodion on it.

● Cut the fiber along the cover with the blade again.

Cross-sectioning reveals certain characteristics that may be used to identify fibres, including:

1. Contour of the fibre.

2. Thickness of the cuticle layer.

3. Presence of medulla – if present, its type, shade, contour in relation to that of the fibre, and position in the fibre.

4. Presence of pigment – if present, its distribution whether it is sparse, dense or in large aggregates, and whether it is most dense near the medulla or near the cuticle or arranged in bi-lateral form.

5. Dye penetration.

Technical Parameters

Standards

(1) ASTM D2130 Standard Test Method for Diameter of Wool and Other Animal Fibers by Microprojection.

(2) BS 2043 Method for the determination of wool fiber fineness by the use of a projection microscope .

(3) DIN 53811 Testing of textiles; determination of the diameter of fibers from longitudinal view by microscope projection

(4) ISO 137 Wool; Determination of fiber diameter; Projection microscope method

(5) IWSTM 24 Method for measuring the diameter of solvent extract of wool and other animal hair

(6) IWTO 8-6

FAQ

(1)What is a Fiber Microtome used for?

A Fiber Microtome is used to prepare thin fiber sections for microscopic examination. It helps laboratories and manufacturers analyze fiber cross-sections, diameter, morphology, and internal structures for research and quality control.

(2)Why is fiber cross-section analysis important?

Fiber cross-section analysis helps identify fiber types, evaluate manufacturing quality, and understand structural characteristics. It is especially useful for comparing natural fibers, synthetic fibers, and blended textile materials.

(3)What types of fibers can be prepared with a Fiber Microtome?

A Fiber Sectioning Microtome can be used for various fibers, including cotton, wool, silk, polyester, nylon, acrylic, and blended fibers, depending on the sample preparation method.

(4)Which standards are related to fiber microscopic testing?

Common references include ISO 137, ISO 2076, ASTM D629, and AATCC TM20. The applicable standard depends on fiber type and testing purpose.

(5)How do we choose a suitable Fiber Microtome?

Selection should consider cutting accuracy, sample type, blade quality, section thickness requirements, microscope compatibility, and laboratory application to ensure reliable fiber analysis results.